Writing on ‘mobile toilet’ reads: ‘Keep clean’ and ‘If you’re polite, we’ll respect you’ (a common phrase posted in public transport vehicles and on neighbourhood walls).

In the lead up to the Idul Fitri holiday, which concludes the month-long fasting month of Ramadhan, millions of Indonesians will take to the country’s roads on a mass homebound exodus known as Mudik to visit their hometowns and celebrate Idul Fitri with family members and relatives.

The Transportation Ministry estimates that at least 20 million people will embark on Mudik this year with some 8.5 million predicted to travel by motorcycle, 8 million by bus and the remainder by private car.