Protest actions took place in several cities around Indonesia on December 1 including in Jakarta, Yogyakarta (Central Java), Ternate (North Maluku) and Sinjai (South Sulawesi). The actions were launched to commemorate West Papua Independence Day.
But even before the actions were launched, security forces attempted to thwart them by blocking protesters, breaking up rallies and arresting demonstrators. The following are reports on the actions in Jakarta and Yogyakarta.
Jakarta
In Jakarta, protesters from the Papuan Students Alliance (AMP), the Indonesian People's Front for West Papua (FRI-WP) and the Papuan Central Highlands Indonesian Student Association (AMPTPI) had been preparing to launch an action since 5.30 in the morning.
The protesters gathered at the Jakarta Legal Aid Foundation (LBH Jakarta) in Central Jakarta holding banners reading "Reject Special Autonomy and Give the Right of Self-Determination to the West Papuan Nation" along with posters with similar demands.
The women demonstrators wore Sali (traditional Papuan women's clothing) while other painted pictures of the Morning Star independence flag on their faces and bodies.
The protesters then moved off in an orderly manner to the intersection near the Indonesian Alkitab Foundation before taking vehicles to the United States Embassy in Central Jakarta.
At 6 am the demonstrators had gathered in front of the US Embassy and were giving speeches. AMP member Roland Levy said in a speech that Special Autonomy (Otsus) had failed to protect the Papuan people.
"Many Papuan people have been killed, evicted, discriminated against and labeled as separatists. Because of this the solution is independence for the West Papuan nation as a democratic solution", he said while shouting "Referendum? Yes!"
Following this, the protesters moved off to the nearby Presidential Palace but were blocked by police from entering the National Monument from the west near the Hotel Indonesia traffic circle.
The demonstrators then gave speeches, made up games, performed the Wisisi dance (a traditional Papuan dance) and prayed together to commemorate the declaration of West Papuan independence on December 1, 1961.
One of the participants read out a poem about the Papuan people's spirit of nationalism for December 1. One of the women comrades then related how independence is the right of all nations. A statement was read out at 9.30 am and the action closed with a prayer.
At the end of the action as the protesters were to return to the start point, they were provoked by a small group of unknown individuals. The demonstrators restrained themselves and did not respond referring to the group as "The 1,000 or so people", meaning a group hired by the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI)".
Yogyakarta
In Yogyakarta, hundreds of students from the Free Papua December 1 Movement Alliance launched an action commemorating the declaration of independence in Papua.
The action, which started at 9 am, started with a long-march from the Papuan student dormitory to the nearby zero kilometre point in front of the central post office. During the march the protesters shouted slogans such as "Free West Papua", "NKRI no" and "Referendum yes".
They also took turns in giving speeches with Momiake Gresya saying, "We Papuan people constantly live under the shadow of death, being killed, tortured like animals, and all of this is perpetrated by the TNI [Indonesian military] and Polri [Indonesian police]".
"An example of this is in Nduga [regency] today, for two years more than 40,000 people have fled seeking shelter and 240 have died as a result of Indonesian military operations", explained Gresya.
In another speech, FRI-WP representative Muhamad Iis explained about the ordinary Indonesian people's support for the Papuan struggle for independence.
"Today we declare our full support for Papuan independence", he said. Iis asserted that colonialism in Papua is not supported by all the Indonesian people. "Colonialism is not the position of the majority of Indonesian people, just a greedy handful of people", he said.
Accompanied by the song Let the Coordination Posts be Torn Down, at 1 pm the protesters danced around the command vehicle waving two Morning Star flags.
This managed to incite security personnel who tried to move into the crowd but demonstrators succeeded in blocking them and the situation returned to normal.
The action ended at 2.30 pm with the reading out of a statement and shouts of "Free West Papua, Free West Papua, Free West Papua". (hr, mm)
Demands
A number of other demands were also made during the demonstrations including calls to try the perpetrators of human rights violations in Papua, the withdrawal of all organic and non-organic troops and an end to military operations, an end to the theft of land and natural resources, that the Indonesian government acknowledge that West Papua has been independence since 1961, the closure of PT Freeport and other mining operations, for the UN to take responsibility for and be active in an act of self-determination, the straightening out of history and resolving human rights violations in Papua, allowing access for national and international journalists to report in Papua, an end to racial discrimination against Papuans, the ratification of the Draft Law on the Elimination of Sexual Violence and for the government to revoke the recently enacted Jobs Law.
Notes
Although it is widely held that West Papua declared independence from Indonesia on December 1, 1961, this actually marks the date when the Morning Star (Bintang Kejora) flag was first raised alongside the Dutch flag in an officially sanctioned ceremony in Jayapura, then called Hollandia. The first declaration of independence actually took place on July 1, 1971 at the Victoria Headquarters in Jayapura where the OPM raised the Morning Star flag and unilaterally proclaimed West Papua as an independent democratic republic.
[Slightly abridged translation by James Balowski. The original title of the article was "Peringati 1 Desember di Jakarta dan Yogyakarta, Mahasiswa Menyatakan Tolak Otonomi Khusus dan Berikan Kemerdekaan Bagi Papua".]
