Christoforus Ristianto, Jakarta – Centre for Innovation Policy and Governance (CIPG) researcher Klara Esti says that the political buzzer phenomena can be said to have begun during the 2012 gubernatorial (pilgub DKI) elections in Jakarta.

Andi Saputra, Jakarta – Presidential candidate Prabowo Subianto and running mate Sandiaga Uno are challenging the results of the 2019 presidential election which was won by incumbent President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo and running mate Ma’ruf Amin.