The government submitted a problem inventory list (DIM) on the revisions to the Indonesian Military Law (UU TNI) to the House of Representatives (DPR) on March 11. There are articles in the revisions that will restore militarism (the TNI's dwi-fungsi or dual function) in Indonesia.
We consider that the agenda to revise the TNI Law is not urgent and will not transformation the TNI in a professional direction. It will weaken military professionalism. As a tool of national defence, the TNI is trained, educated and prepared for war, not for non-defence functions such as sitting in civilian positions.
In the context of security sector reform, the government and the DPR should push the agenda of military justice reform through revisions to Law Number 31/1997 on Military Justice. The agenda of revising this law is more important than the TNI bill, because this represents and the state's constitutional obligation to implement the principle of equality before the law for all citizens, without exception. Military justice reform is also a mandate of People's Consultative Assembly Decree (TAP MPR) Number VII of 2000 and Law Number 34/2004 on the TNI.
We consider that the Draft Law on the TNI (RUU TNI) will restore TNI's dual function, namely active military officers occupying civilian positions. The expansion of the placement of active TNI is not in accordance with the principles of TNI professionalism and risks giving rise to problems, such as the exclusion of civilians from civilian positions, strengthening military dominance in the civil realm and triggering dual policies and loyalties. In addition to this, taking over civil positions will marginalise state civil servants (ASN) and women in accessing strategic positions.
The expansion of civilian positions in the RUU TNI includes placing active military in the Attorney General's Office (AGO) through to the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP). Remember: The TNI is a tool of state defence for war, while the AGO is a law enforcement agency. So, it is wrong if active TNI members are placed in the AGO. And it is wrong wanting to place active military in the KKP. These two examples are a reflection of the practise of the TNI's dual function.
We demanded that the violations of the TNI Law that have occurred up until now be evaluated and put in order. We urge active TNI members who occupy civilian positions outside of those that are regulated under Article 47 Paragraph 2 of the current TNI Law to resign immediately (early retirement). Up until now, many active TNI members have occupied civilian positions without resigning first, including Lieutenant Colonel Teddy Indra Wijaya as Cabinet Secretary, Major General Ariyo Windutomo as head of the Presidential Secretariat and others.
More than that, all TNI cooperation based on various Memorandums of Understanding (MoU) between the TNI and government agencies, which gives space for the military to enter the civilian realm under the pretext of military operations other than war, need to be reviewed because they are not in line with the TNI Law. Military involvement in operations other than war can only be carried out based on a state political decision, not through MoUs as emphasised under Article 7 Paragraph 3 of the TNI Law. It is wrong to use the legal political construction of the RUU TNI to justify various existing violations.
We are of the view that the expansion of military tasks to handle narcotics is wrong and can be dangerous for the rule of law. Handling narcotics related problems which are ultimately in the health corridor, is law enforcement that is proportional, not war. The involvement of the TNI in overcoming narcotics will perpetuate the use of "the war model".
Up until now, law enforcement models have also often been problematic and disproportionate in dealing with drugs. Especially if you use a "war model" by involving the military, and of course this will give rise to violence that is excessive and serious. What happened in the Philippines during the administration of former president Rodrigo Duterte under the "war model" for dealing with drugs was a bad example, because it resulted in human rights violations.
Thus, involving the TNI in dealing with drugs as regulated under the RUU TNI will make the TNI vulnerable to being perpetrators of human rights violations, as can be seen from Duterte's arrest in the Philippines by the International Court of Justice (ICC).
Even more dangerous, the RUU TNI also wants to revise the clause on the military's involvement in military operations other than war (OMSP) so there is no need for prior approval by the DPR. The TNI wants military operations other than to war to simply be regulated under a government regulation.
Yet these kinds of operations are included as state political policies, namely the President with the consideration of the DPR as regulated by Article 7 Paragraph 3 of the Law Number 34/2004 on the TNI. The RUU TNI wants to eliminate the role of parliament as the people's representatives. This will lead to a conflict of authority or an overlap with other institutions in overcoming problems in the country. Implicitly, changing this article is a form of taking over the authority of the people's representatives by the TNI in military operations other than war and eliminating civil control.
We believe that these revisions are only to legitimise the mobilisation and expansion of the involvement of TNI soldiers in domestic programs such as the free nutritional meals (MBG) program, 3kg LPG gas canister distribution, food security, safeguarding palm oil plantations, the implementation of national strategic projects (PSN), control and maintaining forest areas, and even to the management of the haj pilgrimage.
We rejected the RUU TNI as well as the DIM RUU TNI as submitted by the government to the DPR because it contained problematic articles and had the potential to restore the dual function of the TNI and militarism in Indonesia.
We instead urge the government and the DPR to modernise defence equipment, ensure that the TNI is adaptive to external threats, improve the welfare of TNI soldiers and pay attention to the gender balance in TNI organisations by increasing women's representations in various strategic positions, the elimination of structural obstacles in military careers, guaranteeing a work environment that is safe and free from discrimination in order to realise the professionalism of our TNI as a tool of national defence.
Jakarta, March 14, 2025
Individuals:
1. Nursyahbani Katjasungkana, Indonesian Human Rights Watch (Imparsial) founder and patron
2. Usman Hamid, human rights activist
3. Reverand Ronald Richard Tapilatu
4. Rafendi Djamin
5. Al A'raf, defence and security observer
6. Reverand Penrad Siagian, S.Th., M.Si., Teol.
7. KH Rakhmad Zailani Kiki
8. Prof. Dr. dr. A. Daldiyono
9. Sri Lestari Wahyuningroem, Ph.D., Veterans National Development University (UPNV) social and political science lecturer
10. Prof. Dr. Aan Eko Widiarto, S.H.M.Hum., Brawijaya University constitutional law lecturer
11. Abdil Mughis Mudhoffir
12. Adek Risma Dedees, Campus Trade Union (SPK)
13. Adinda Tenriangke Muchtar, Ph.D., democracy activist and researcher on public policy and freedom
14. Adnan Topan Husodo, anti-corruption activist
15. Agus Nurofik, Pengajar Universitas Sumatra Barat
16. Ahmad Arif Zulfikar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat
17. Alif Iman Nurlambang, Driyarkara College of Philosophy (STFD) philosophy student
18. Amiruddin Al Rahab, National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM) commissioner 2017-2022
19. Ananda Badudu, Musician
20. Andi Muhammad Rezaldy
21. Andi Setiawan, Pengajar March 17 University
22. Andreas Harsono, researcher, Imparsial
23. Annisa Intan Wiranti, law educator, Pamulang University
24. Aquino Hayunta, Nusantara Arts Friendship
25. Ardianto Satriawan, Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB)
26. Arif Susanto, Exposit Strategic
27. Ayu Utami, author
28. Beka Ulung Hapsara
29. Bhatara Ibnu Reza, S.H., M.Si., LL.M., Ph.D. (Trisakti University Faculty of Law international law lecturer)
30. Bivitri Susanti, S.H., LL.M., Jentera Indonesian College of Law (STHI Jentera) constitutional law lecturer
31. Butet Kartaredjasa, artist
32. Cahyo Pamungkas
33. Cenuk Sayekti, Airlangga University educator
34. Chairuddin Ambong, social forestry activists
35. Cut Asmaul Husna, Teuku Umar University (UTU) Faculty of Social and Political Science (Fisipol) lecturer
36. Dadang Trisasongko, anti-corruption activist
37. Damairia Pakpahan, women's activist
38. Danang Widoyoko, Transparency International Indonesia (TII)
39. Daniel F.M. Tangkilisan, Karimunjawa environmental activist
40. Dewi Kartika, Agrarian Reform Consortium (KPA) secretary general
41. Dewi Tjakrawinata, women's and disabilities movement activist
42. Dhia Al Uyun, Pengajar HTN Brawijaya University
43. Dian Noeswantari, Surabaya University
44. Dian Septi Trisnanti, women's labour activist
45. Donny Danardono, Soegijapranata Catholic University
46. Dr. Ahmad Suaedy, Nahdlatul Ulama University lecturer
47. Dr. Budi Hernawan, STFD
48. Dr. Harry Efendi Iskandar, S.S., M.A, cultural science faculty lecturer
49. Universitas Andalas, UNAND/democracy activist
50. Dr. Mangadar Situmorang, Papua Academics Peace Forum/Parahyangan University lecturer
51. Dr. Nur Imam Subono
52. Dr. Sabina Puspita, public policy and management lecture
53. Dr. Taufik Firmanto
54. DR. Yance Arizona, S.H., M.A., Gajah Mada University (UGM) constitutional law lecturer
55. Eliyah Acantha, Hasanuddin University educator
56. Erry Riyana Hardjapamekas, former Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) deputy chairperson
57. Fadlilah Akbar, Al- Kamal Institute of Science and Technology
58. Fajri Siregar, University of Indonesia (UI) lecturer
59. Fanda Puspitasari, Indonesian National Students Movement (GMNI) Central Leadership Board (DPP)
60. Fatkhul Khoir, Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence (Kontras) Surabaya
61. Feri Amsari, S.H., M.H. LL.M, Andalas University (UNAND) constitutional law lecturer
62. Fiki Prayogi, Bandar Lampung Indonesian Teachers Association College of Teaching and Educational Science (STKIP PGRI) lecturer
63. Fitra Rahardjo, artist
64. Gita Ardi Lestari, UI
65. Gita Putri Damayana, Australian National University PhD candidate, STHI Jentera educator
66. Habib M. Shahib, Fajar University
67. Halida Hatta
68. Hardo Manik, Duta Wacana Christian University
69. Hariati Sinaga, UI Gender Studies Program educator
70. Hendardi, Setara Institute for Peace and Democracy chairperson
71. Hendra Saputra, human rights activist
72. Henny Supolo Sitepu, education activist
73. Herdiansyah Hamzah, Mulawarman University Law Faculty educator
74. Herlambang P. Wiratraman, Social Justice and Legal Studies Centre, UGM Faculty of Law
75. Heru Hendratmoko, journalist
76. Herry Sutresna, musician
77. Ika Ardina, civil society activist
78. Ilham Akhsanu Ridlo, Airlangga University educator
79. Ilham Handika, Mataram University educator
80. Iman Amirullah, S.Sos (Indonesian Students for Liberty national coordinator)
81. Indah Ariani, artistic worker
82. Indria Fernida, human rights activist
83. Irwansyah, UI department of political science
84. Islah Bahrawi, Indonesian Moderate Network
85. Iskandar SH MH
86. Isman Rahmani Yusron, Muhammadiyah University Bandung educator
87. Jesse Adam Halim, human rights activist
88. Joko Susilo
89. Julius Ibrani, legal practitioner and human rights activist
90. Kanti Pertiwi, UI educator
91. Khotimun S, women's activist
92. Lia Marpaung, GEDSI Advocate
93. Lilik HS
94. Luthfi Kalbu Adi, Universitas Muhammadiyah University Purwokerto legal program study educator
95. Made Supriatma, Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation (YLBHI) information board member
96. Mamik Sri supatmi, UI Faculty of Social and Political Science (FISIP) criminology lecturer
97. Mardiyah Chamim
98. Maria Hartiningsih, author
99. Maria Magdalena
100. Masduki, Indonesian Islamic University (UII) communications science professor, Yogyakarta UII Democracy and Religious Studies Centre chairperson
101. Michael Jeffri Sinabutar, Bangka Belitung University
102. Muhamad Haripin, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) defence researcher
103. Muhammad Furqon, urban farming activist
104. Muhammad Subhi
105. Mulyono Sri Hutomo, Ibnu Chaldun University educator
106. Nabiyla Risfa Izzati, UGM Faculty of Law educator
107. Natalia Soebagjo, anti-corruption activist
108. Ni Putu Candra Dewi, women's rights activist
109. Nong Darol Mahmada, pluralism activist
110. Nugroho Dewanto, journalist
111. Olin Monteiro, women's and cultural arts activist
112. Omi Komaria Madjid, Nurcholish Madjid Society Advisory Board chairperson
113. Papang Hidayat
114. Petrus Putut P. W., Indonesian International University Liaison
115. Poengky Indarti, SH, LL.M, human rights activist
116. Prof. Dr. Ani W. Soetjipto MA.
117. Prof. Dr. Ali Safaat, S.H., M.H., Brawijaya University constitutional law lecturer
118. Prof. Dr. Ikrar Nusa Bakti, defence and politics observer
119. Prof. Dr. Saiful Mujani, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN) political science professor
120. Prof. Dr. Todung Mulya Lubis, S.H., M.H., LL.M.
121. Prof. Mayling Oey-Gardiner
122. Prof. Susi Dwi Harijanti, PhD, Padjadjaran University Faculty of Law
123. Raja Asdi, cultural arts activist
124. Ray Rangkuti
125. Reza Ryan (Efek Rumah Kaca)
126. Rikky R., Ganesha Education University
127. Rr. Diah Asih Purwaningrum, ITB architecture program studies educator
128. Ruth Indiah Rahayu, Driyarkara Alumni Community Association chairperson
129. Saiful Mahdi, S.Si., M.Sc., Ph.D, Syiah Kuala University (USK) Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA)
130. Sandi Jaya Saputra, Padjajaran University educator
131. Salman D.A, soccer supporter
132. Sandra Hamid, anthropologist
133. Satria Unggul Wicaksana P, Surabaya Muhammadiyah University Democracy and Anti-Corruption Study Centre (PUSAD) chairperson
134. Sellina Aurora, Indonesian Christian Church Medical Aid Centre (PBM GKI) educator
135. Silfana Nasri
136. Smita Notosusanto, women's activist
137. Soenjati, SH, women's activist
138. Subekti W. P., Padjajaran University
139. Sumarsih, mother of Wawan, victim of Semanggi I student shootings on November 13, 1998
140. Syahar Banu, women's and human rights activist
141. Tini Hadad, Indonesian Consumers Foundation (YLKI) Advisory Board
142. Titi Anggraini, elections and democracy researcher
143. Tunggal Pawestri, women's activist
144. Tusta Citta Ihtisan T. P., Mataram University
145. Ubedilah Badrun, UN lecturer
146. Ulin Ni'am Yusron, social media activist
147. Wahyu Eka Setyawan, East Java Indonesian Forum for the Environment (Walhi) regional executive director
148. Wahyu Susilo, Migrant CARE executive director
149. Wanggi Hoed, pantomime artist
150. Widia Kemala Sari, Padang State University
151. Yanuar Nugroho, Ph.D., Driyarkara STFD lecturer
152. Yasundari, Indonesian Computer University
153. Yeni Rosa Damayanti, human rights and disabilities activist
154. Yoghi Bagus Prabowo, Diponegoro University educator
155. Yohan Fitriadi, Padang Indonesia Sons University (UPI) Computer Higher Education Foundation (YPTK)
156. Yoyok Gondes, Malang Kamisan (Thursday) Action
157. Yuli Riswati, migrant worker activist
158. Zumrotin K. Susilo, former Komnas HAM deputy chairperson 2002-2007
Organisations
1. Indonesian Human Rights Watch (Imparsial)
2. Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation (YLBHI)
3. Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence (Kontras)
4. Indonesian Legal Aid and Human Rights Association (PBHI)
5. Amnesty International Indonesia (AII)
6. Institute for Public Research and Advocacy (ELSAM)
7. Human Right Working Group (HRWG)
8. Indonesian Forum for the Environment (Walhi)
9. Setara Institute for Peace and Democracy
10. Centra Initiative
11. Kamisan (Thursday Action)
12. Kamisan (Thursday Action) Bandung
13. Kamisan (Thursday Action) Medan
14. All Indonesia Student Executive Council (BEM SI)
15. Jogja Calling Alliance
16. Indonesian Alliance of Independent Journalists (AJI)
17. Jakarta Alliance of Independent Journalists (AJI)
18. Nusantara Indigenous Community Alliance (AMAN)
19. Indonesian High School Students Alliance (API)
20. Papuan Alliance for Democracy (ALDP)
21. AMAN Indonesia
22. Artsforwomen Indonesia
23. Rainbow Current (Arus Pelangi)
24. Asia Justice and Rights (AJAR)
25. Indonesian Association of Women's Legal Aid Foundations for Justice (LBH APIK)
26. Jentera Indonesian College of Law (STHI) BEM
27. North Sumatra Legal Aid and People's Advocacy (Bakumsu)
28. Free Nation (Bangsa Mahardika)
29. Residents Together (Barengwarga)
30. BARIKADE 98
31. Wise Monitoring (Bijak Memantau)
32. Information Centre for Action and Reformation Network (PIJAR) Philosophy Students Press Bureau (BPMF)
33. Constitutional and Administrative Law Society (CALS)
34. Cangkang Queer
35. Malang CommonHood
36. CORONG API
37. Democratic Judicial Reform (De Jure)
38. Emancipate Indonesia
39. Famm Indonesia
40. Independent Prosperity Trade Union Federation (FSMS)
41. Flower Aceh
42. Cik Ditiro Forum
43. South Sulawesi Non-Government Organisations Information and Communications Forum (FIK ORNOP)
44. Alaudin Makassar State Islamic University (UIN) Student Democracy Communications Forum (FOKMAD)
45. Aceh Spirit of 98 Forum
46. United Tamansari Forum
47. Indonesian Youth Struggle Front (FPPI)
48. Indonesian United Trade Union Federation (FSBPI)
49. Association of Indonesian Trade Unions (GSBI)
50. Gender Research Student Centre (GREAT)
51. Cross Campus Anti-Corruption Movement (GAK-LPT)
52. Our Indonesia Movement (GITA)
53. Ambon Pattimura University People's Care Student Movement (GEMPAR)
54. University of North Sumatra (USU) Faculty of Law (FH) Indonesian National Students Movement (GMNI)
55. Greenpeace Indonesia
56. Indonesian Association of the Families of Missing Persons (IKOHI)
57. Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW)
58. Abolish Femicide Indonesia
59. Indonesia Calling 57+ Institute (anti-corruption)
60. Indonesia for Humanity
61. Indonesian Centre for Environmental Law (ICEL)
62. KAPAL Perempuan Institute
63. Women's Institute
64. Institute for Criminal Justice Reform (ICJR)
65. Indonesia Youth Core
66. National Mining Advocacy Network (JATAM)
67. Anti-Violence Against Women Academic Movement Network (JARAK)
68. National Network for Domestic Worker Advocacy (JALA PRT)
69. Jedakata community activism
70. Gender and Human Rights (LRC-KJHAM) Semarang
71. Indonesian Services Foundation Network (JKLPK_
72. Kalyanamitra women's rights organisation
73. Indonesian Caucus for Academic Freedom (KIKA)
74. Kawula17 social education
75. Madani Bayam Village Farmers Group (KTKBM)
76. Democracy Lovers Student Community (KMPD) UIN Sunan Kalijaga
77. Palm Oil Workers Coalition (KBS)
78. Civil Society Coalition Against Sexual Violence (KOMPAKS)
79. Indonesia Women's Coalition (KPI)
80. People's Coalition for Fisheries Justice (KIARA)
81. Committee Against State Violence (KONTRA)
82. 65 Community
83. Konde.co
84. Agrarian Reform Consortium (KPA)
85. Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence (Kontras) Aceh
86. Confederation of United Indonesian Workers (KPBI)
87. Women's Coalition for Leadership (KPuK), Malang, East Java
88. Democracy Lab
89. Muhammadiyah Leadership Board Legal Aid and Public Advocacy Foundation (LBHAP PP Muhammadiyah)
90. Legal Aid Foundation
91. Legal Resource Centre for Justice
92. Jakarta Legal Aid Foundation (LBH)
93. Community Legal Aid Foundation (LBH Masyarakat)
94. Press Legal Aid Foundation (LBH Pers)
95. Surabaya Pos Malang Legal Aid Foundation (LBH)
96. Sedane Labour Information Foundation (LIPS)
97. Glorious Civilisation Foundation (LPL)
98. Tanjungpura University Student Press Forum Institute
99. Gayatri Torch
100. Justice Space Circle (LKR)
101. Jakarta Cross Feminist (Jakarta Feminist)
102. University of Indonesia (UI) Institute of Research, Education and Information on Social and Economic Affairs (LP3ES)
103. Padjadjaran University Faculty of Law Student Press Institute (LPM)
104. Madani Berkelanjutan Foundation
105. Maleo, Central Sulawesi
106. Marsinah.ID
107. Migrant CARE
108. Association of Families of Talangsari Lampung (PK2TL)
109. University of Gajah Mada Faculty of Law Democracy, Constitution and Human Rights Study Centre (Pandekha)
110. Bandung Street Paramedics
111. Indonesian Green Party
112. Caring for Migrant Workers (PBM)
113. Free Women (Perempuan Mahardhika)
114. Healthy Spirit Association (PJS)
115. Nusantara Indigenous Community Defence Association (PPMAN)
116. National Indonesian Student Press Association (PPMI)
117. IndoPROGRESS Association
118. Praxis Association
119. Rahima Association
120. Sembada Bersama Indonesia Association
121. Association for Elections and Democracy (Perludem)
122. Indonesian People's United Struggle (P2RI)
123. Fraternity of Indonesian Women Fishers (PPNI)
124. Misykat Al-Anwar Ecology Islamic Boarding School
125. Bogor Literacy Corner
126. Working Group 30 (Pokja30)
127. Policy Pulse
128. Protection International Indonesia
129. Public Virtue Research Institute (PVRI)
130. UGM Faculty of Law Social Justice and Legal Studies Centre
131. Yogyakarta Indonesian Islamic University (UII) Democracy and Religious Studies Centre
132. Indonesian Policy and Legal Studies Centre (PSHK)
133. Semarang Regional Information Research Centre (PATTIROS)
134. PUSPAHAM
135. Human Rights Advocacy and Study Centre (Puspaham)
136. Student Revolutionary Axis
137. Amartya Knowledge House
138. Sajogyo Institute
139. The Four Finger Salute (Salam 4 Jari)
140. 1965 Joint Secretariat (SEKBER 65)
141. Forum Indonesia for Budget Transparency National Secretariat (Seknas FITRA)
142. Driyarkara College of Philosophy (STFD) Student Senate
143. Senik Centre Asia
144. Campus Trade Union (SPK)
145. Node for Women's Liberation (SIMPUL PUAN)
146. Greater Jakarta Media and Creative Industries Trade Union for Democracy (Sindikasi Jabodetabek)
147. Art.Martir
148. Social Justice Indonesia
149. Central Sulawesi Solidarity with Human Rights Violations Victims (SKP-HAM)
150. Salatiga UIN Student Solidarity for Democracy (SMUD)
151. Solo Women's Solidarity for Humanity and Human Rights (SPEK-HAM)
152. Students For Liberty (SFL) Indonesia
153. Voice of Freedom
154. Sulawesi Green Voice
155. Support Group & Resource Centre on Sexuality Studies (SGRC UI)
156. The Indonesian Institute, Centre for Public Policy Research (TII)
157. Themis Indonesia
158. Indonesian Women and Mining Working Team (TKPT)
159. Transnational Palm Oil Labour Solidarity Network (TPOLS)
160. Transparency International Indonesia (TII)
161. Trend Asia
162. Makassar Indonesia Muslim University (Student Publishing and Writing Unit (UPPM UMI)
163. Indonesian Downs Syndrome Care Foundation (YAPESDI)
164. Sulawesi National Partners Self-Supporting Foundation (YASMIB)
165. Gaya Nusantara Foundation
166. Women's Heath Foundation (YKP)
167. Maluku Inayana Care Foundation (YPIM)
168. Penabulu Foundation
169. Strengthening, Participation, Initiative and Social Partnership Foundation
170. Civil Society Alliance for Democracy (YAPPIKA)
171. Samahita Foundation
172. Srikandi Sejati Foundation, Jakarta
173. Youth Interfaith Forum on Sexuality (YIFoS) Indonesia
174. Cemara Youth Activism House
175. YouthID Foundation
176. Makassar Islamic University Altruis
177. Sintesa Student Publishing and Press Foundation (LPPM)
178. Ntoke Natural Waste Lovers (PACET)
179. Bandung Student Press Communications Forum (FKPMB)
180. Aksi Kamisan Malang
181. Inclusive Foundation
182. Non-Government Organisations Council (Konsil LSM)
183. Aceh Transparency Society (MaTA)
– Petition started by Imparsial
[Translated by James Balowski. The original title of the petition was "Tolak Kembalinya Dwifungsi melalui Revisi UU TNI".]
Source: https://www.change.org/p/tolak-kembalinya-dwifungsi-melalui-revisi-uu-tni